Skip to content

Safety metrics and injury rates

Last updated: Written by Blake Cowan, NCSO

One formula, three rates, and a vocabulary problem that causes more wrong submissions than the arithmetic ever does.

The short answer

Every rate on this page is the same calculation: count times 200,000, divided by hours worked. What changes is which injuries you count. TRIF counts everything recordable, DART counts the ones that stopped somebody doing their job, and the lost time rate counts the ones where they missed time. Canada says TRIF and the United States says TRIR, and both use the same basis.

Almost every Canadian contractor gets asked for a number before they get asked for anything else. This is where that number comes from, what it means, and what to do when it is not the number you wanted.

Start here

Work out your rate

The calculator does TRIF, DART and lost time together, and shows the arithmetic. Open the calculator.

Check what you are counting

Most wrong rates are classification errors, not bad years. What counts as a recordable injury.

See what clients want

The thresholds are set by the client, not the platform. What TRIF clients actually require.

Compare against something real

The published provincial figures, and why they are not a league table. Canadian injury rate benchmarks.

The three rates, and how they relate

They descend, always, because each one counts a subset of the one above it.

Comparison table.
RateCountsAlso called
TRIFEvery recordable injuryTRIR, TRIFR, TCR, total recordable case rate
DARTDays away, restricted duty or job transferDART rate
Lost timeDays away onlyLTIF, LTIFR, lost time injury frequency

Scroll the table sideways to see every column. The first column stays in place.

Your DART can never be higher than your TRIF, and your lost time rate can never be higher than your DART. If they are, something has been counted in the wrong place, and finding it is more urgent than improving anything.

DART rate and lost time rate covers the two narrower measures and what the gap between them says about your program.

The vocabulary problem, which runs through all of this

The single most common cause of confusion here is that the same measure has several names and similar names mean different measures.

TRIF and TRIR are the same thing. DART and the lost time rate are not. The provincial rates on the benchmarks page share names with your own rates while counting an entirely different population. And Canada has no recordkeeping rule of its own, so Canadian contractors end up working to an American definition because the platforms asking are American.

This is the same pattern as JSAs and JHAs and as safe work practices. The vocabulary follows whoever trained the person asking. Ask what definition they want, not which acronym they used, because the definition is the part that changes the answer.

When the number is not what you hoped

How to actually lower your injury rate is the practitioner answer. In short: make sure the number is accurate first, because a large share of bad rates are arithmetic. Then find the tasks that keep producing claims, because that is the only change that reduces real harm. Expect it to take about three years to move a rolling average, and be suspicious of anything faster.

Free templates

The two forms these numbers actually come from.

Incident and near miss report

An investigation form that pushes past worker error to the causes an auditor will ask about.

Direct download. No email, no signup, no form.

Corrective action tracker

One register for every action from an inspection, incident, audit or worker concern, tracked to verified closure.

Direct download. No email, no signup, no form.

Print ready PDF and editable DOCX, no email required, and the full library has the rest. If you would rather have the whole program written and mapped to your certifying partner's audit, that is the paid work, and the software that holds it is free either way.

Questions people actually ask

Which safety metric do clients actually ask for?
The recordable rate, called TRIF in Canada and TRIR in the United States, is the one that appears on almost every prequalification form. DART and the lost time rate usually appear alongside it, and American forms also ask for an EMR, which Canadian companies generally do not have. Nearly all of them come from the same two inputs: injuries and hours worked.
What is the formula for an injury frequency rate?
Count multiplied by 200,000, divided by total hours worked. The 200,000 is what 100 full time workers put in over a year, so the answer reads as injuries per 100 workers. Every rate on this hub uses that same formula and changes only which injuries are counted.
Are Canadian and American injury rates calculated the same way?
Yes, on the same 200,000 hour basis, which is why a Canadian TRIF and an American TRIR are directly comparable. The 1,000,000 hour basis you will find elsewhere belongs to the UK, Australia and New Zealand, and mixing the two produces an answer five times out.
Do I need these numbers if I am not doing prequalification?
Probably yes, sooner than you think. Most Canadian clients ask for a rate long before they ask you to join a platform, and COR certification audits look at whether you measure and review your performance at all. The number is also genuinely useful internally, provided you compare it to your own previous years rather than to a national average.
Is a low injury rate proof of a safe company?
No. A rate can be low because the work is well run, because the company is small and got lucky, because first aid cases are being miscounted, or because reporting has been discouraged. All four produce the same figure, which is why serious prequalification reviews look at the program documents alongside the number.

Next step

Take the templates and use them, whether or not you ever talk to us. If you would rather not build the program yourself, we will build it inside the app and keep it current.